The Antichrist

The claim that the pope is the Antichrist has been part of anti-Catholic rhetoric since the Reformation, when it was needed to justify the Protestant Reformers’ desire to leave the Catholic Church.

Thus the Lutheran Book of Concord states, "[T]he pope is the real Antichrist who has raised himself over and set himself against Christ . . . Accordingly, just as we cannot adore the devil himself as our lord or God, so we cannot suffer his apostle, the pope or Antichrist, to govern us as our head or lord" (Smalcald Articles 2:4:10, 14).

The Presbyterian and Anglican Westminster Confession states, "There is no other head of the church but the Lord Jesus Christ; nor can the pope of Rome in any sense be the head thereof; but is that Antichrist, that man of sin, and that son of perdition, that exalteth himself in the church against Christ, and all that is called God" (25:6).

To make the prophecies of the Antichrist fit the pope, some even claimed that "the temple of God" in which the Antichrist pretends to be God (2 Thess. 2:4) is the Vatican.

Although the Fathers of the Church speculated on the Antichrist in various ways, they would never have agreed. They showed the temple to be the Jewish temple, rebuilt by Antichrist in Jerusalem. Rather than the bishop of Rome, the early Fathers identified the Antichrist as a government official—a king coming to power in the ruins of the Roman Empire. He would probably be Jewish, possibly from the tribe of Dan. And most importantly, rather than claiming like the pope to be the vicar or emissary of Jesus Christ, he would claim that Jesus was not the Christ but thathe was instead. He would then seduce many of the Jewish people by attempting to fulfill the political.aspirations they held for the Messiah. The quotes that follow illustrate both the different ideas they had about the Antichrist and how different their conception was from the anti-papal idea that arose in later centuries.

"[T]he whole time of your faith will not profit you unless you are made complete in the last time. For in the last days false prophets and corrupters shall be multiplied, and sheep shall be turned into wolves . . . and then shall the deceiver of the world appear, pretending to be the Son of God, and [he] shall do signs and wonders, and the earth shall be delivered into his hands" (Didache16:3-4 [A.D. 70]).



Polycarp of Smyrna

"Everyone who does not confess that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh is an antichrist [1 John 4:2-3, 2 John 7]; whoever does not confess the testimony of the cross is of the devil; and whoever perverts the sayings of the Lord for his own desires, and says that there is neither resurrection nor judgment, such a one is the firstborn of Satan" (Letter to the Philadelphians 7:1 [A.D. 135]).



Irenaeus

"[B]y means of the events which shall occur in the time of the Antichrist it is shown that he, being an apostate and a robber, is anxious to be adored as God, and that although a mere slave, he wishes to be proclaimed as king. For he, being endued with all the power of the devil, shall not come as a righteous king nor as a legitimate king in subjection to God, but as an impious, unjust, and lawless one . . . setting aside idols to persuade [men] that he himself is God, raising himself up as the only idol. . . . Moreover [Paul] has also pointed out this which I have shown in many ways: that the temple in Jerusalem was made by the direction of the true God. For the apostle himself, speaking in his own person, distinctly called it the temple of God [2 Thess. 2:4] . . . in which the enemy shall sit, endeavoring to show himself as Christ" (Against Heresies 5:25:1-2 [A.D. 189]).

"Moreover, another danger, by no means trifling, shall overtake those who falsely presume that they know the name of the Antichrist. For if these men assume one [number] when this [Antichrist] shall come having another, they will be easily led away by him as supposing him not to be the expected
one. . . . It is therefore more certain, and less hazardous, to await the fulfillment of the prophecy than to be making surmises and casting about for any names that may present themselves, inasmuch as many names can be found possessing the number mentioned, and the same question will, after all, remain unsolved" (ibid., 5:30:2-3).

"But when this Antichrist shall have devastated all things in this world, he will reign for three years and six months and will sit in the temple at Jerusalem; and then the Lord will come from heaven in the clouds, in the glory of the Father, sending this man and those who follow him into the lake of fire" (ibid., 5:30:4).



Hippolytus

"Now as our Lord Jesus Christ, who is also God, was prophesied of under the figure of a lion, on account of his royalty and glory, in the same way have the scriptures also beforehand spoken of Antichrist as a lion, on account of his tyranny and violence. For the deceiver seeks to liken himself in all things to the Son of God. Christ is a lion, so Antichrist is also a lion. Christ is a king, so Antichrist is also a king. The Savior was manifested as a lamb, so he too in like manner will appear as a lamb without; within he is a wolf. The Savior came into the world in the circumcision [i.e., the Jewish race], and he will come in the same manner. . . . The Savior raised up and showed his holy flesh like a temple, and he will raise a temple of stone in Jerusalem" (The Antichrist 6 [A.D. 200]).

"[W]e find it written regarding Antichrist . . . ‘Dan is a lion’s whelp, and he shall leap from Bashan’ [Deut. 33:22]. But that no one may err by supposing that this is said of the Savior, let him attend carefully to the matter. Dan, he says, is a lion’s whelp. And in naming the tribe of Dan, he declared clearly the tribe from which Antichrist is destined to spring. For as Christ springs from the tribe of Judah, so Antichrist is to spring from the tribe of Dan. And that the case stands thus, we see also from the words of Jacob: ‘Let Dan be a serpent, lying upon the ground, biting the horse’s heel’ [Gen. 49:17]. What then is meant by the serpent but Antichrist, that deceiver who is mentioned in Genesis [Gen. 3:1], who deceived Eve and supplanted Adam? . . . [I]t is in reality out of the tribe of Dan, then, that tyrant and king, that dread judge, that son of the devil, is destined to spring and arise" (ibid., 14).

"Above all, moreover, he will love the nation of the Jews. And with all these [Jews] he will work signs and terrible wonders, false wonders and not true, in order to deceive his impious equals. . . . And after that he will build the temple in Jerusalem and will restore it again speedily and give it over to the Jews" (Discourse on the End of the World 23-25 [A.D. 217]).



Tertullian

"[T]he man of sin, the son of perdition, who must first be revealed before the Lord comes, who opposes and exalts himself above all that is called God or that is worshipped; and who is to sit in the temple of God and boast himself as being God. . . . According indeed to our view, he is Antichrist; as it is taught us in both the ancient and the new prophecies, and by the apostle John, who says that ‘already many false prophets have gone out into the world,’ the forerunners of Antichrist, who deny that Christ is come in the flesh, and do not acknowledge Jesus, meaning in God the Creator" (Against Marcion 5:16 [A.D. 210]).



Cyprian of Carthage

"If they [the heretics] desire peace, let them lay aside their arms. If they make atonement, why do they threaten? Or if they threaten, let them know that they are not feared by God’s priests. For even Antichrist, when he shall begin to come, will not enter into the Church [even though] he threatens; neither shall we yield to his arms and violence, [though] he declares that he will destroy us if we resist" (Letters 69[70]:3 [A.D. 253]).

"[B]oth baptism is one and the Holy Spirit is one and the Church, founded by Christ the Lord upon Peter, by a source and principle of unity, is one also. Hence it results that with them [heretics and schismatics] all things are futile and false, nothing that which they have done ought to be approved by us. . . . And the blessed apostle John also, keeping the commandments and precepts of the Lord, has laid it down in his epistle and said, ‘You have heard that Antichrist shall come; even now there are many antichrists, whereby we know that it is the last time . . . ‘[1 John 2:18]. Wherefore we who are with the Lord and maintain the unity of the Lord, and according to his condescension administer his priesthood in the Church, should repudiate and reject and regard as profane whatever his adversaries and the antichrists do; and to those who, coming about of error and wickedness, acknowledge the true faith of the one Church, we should give the truth both of unity and faith, by means of all the sacraments of divine grace" (ibid., 54[69]:19).

"[B]ecause there can be nothing common to falsehood and truth, to darkness and light, to death and immortality, to Antichrist and Christ, we ought by all means to maintain the unity of the Catholic Church and not to give way to the enemies of the faith and truth in any respect. Neither must we prescribe the form of custom, but overcome opposite custom by reason. For neither did Peter, whom first the Lord chose and upon whom he built his Church . . . despise Paul because he had previously been a persecutor of the Church, but admitted the counsel of truth [that Paul gave] . . . furnishing thus an illustration to us both of concord and of patience" (ibid., 70[71]:2-3).



Lactantius

"[A] king shall arise out of Syria, born from an evil spirit, the overthrower and destroyer of the human race, who shall destroy that which is left by the former evil, together with himself. . . . But that king will not only be most disgraceful in himself, but he will also be a prophet of lies, and he will constitute and call himself God, and will order himself to be worshipped as the Son of God, and power will be given to him to do signs and wonders, by the sight of which he may entice men to adore him. He will command fire to come down from heaven and the sun to stand and leave his course, and an image to speak, and these things shall be done at his word. . . . Then he will attempt to destroy the temple of God and persecute the righteous people" (Divine Institutes 7:17 [A.D. 307]).



Cyril of Jerusalem

"This aforementioned Antichrist is to come when the times of the Roman Empire shall have been fulfilled, and the end of the world is drawing near. There shall rise up together ten kings of the Romans, reigning in different parts, perhaps, but all reigning at the same time. After these there shall be an eleventh, the Antichrist, who by the evil craft of his magic shall seize upon the Roman power. Of the kings who reigned before him, three shall he humble [Dan. 7:24], and the remaining seven he shall have as subjects under him. At first he shall feign mildness—as if he were a learned and discreet person—and sobriety and loving kindness" (Catechetical Lectures 15:12 [A.D. 350]).

"Having beguiled the Jews by the lying signs and wonders of his magical deceit, until they believe he is the expected Christ, he shall afterwards be characterized by all manner of wicked deeds of inhumanity and lawlessness, as if to outdo all the unjust and impious men who have gone before him. He shall display against all men, and especially against us Christians, a spirit that is murderous and most cruel, merciless and wily. For three years and six months only shall he be the perpetrator of such things; and then he shall be destroyed by the glorious second coming from heaven of the only-begotten Son of God, our Lord and Savior Jesus, the true Christ, who shall destroy him with the breath of his mouth [2 Thess. 2:8], and deliver him over to the fire of Gehenna" (ibid.).



Augustine

"Daniel prophesies of the last judgment in such a way as to indicate that Antichrist shall first come and to carry on his destruction to the eternal reign of the saints. For when in prophetic vision he had seen four beasts, signifying four kingdoms, and the fourth conquered by a certain king, who is recognized as Antichrist, and after this the eternal kingdom of the Son of Man, that is to say, of Christ" (The City of God 20:19 [A.D. 419]).

NIHIL OBSTAT: I have concluded that the materials
presented in this work are free of doctrinal or moral errors.
Bernadeane Carr, STL, Censor Librorum, August 10, 2004

IMPRIMATUR: In accord with 1983 CIC 827
permission to publish this work is hereby granted.
+Robert H. Brom, Bishop of San Diego, August 10, 2004

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Are Catholics 'Antichrist'?

When one group of Christians can point to another group of Christians and call them "Antichrist," a very dangerous line has been crossed.

by Lorraine E. Espenhain | Source: Catholic.net

"...not having a righteousness of my own, based on law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith..." {Php. 3:9].

Dear Protestant Brother,


What I am about to write to you, I write to you in love. I have determined in my heart that if this letter would not be written in love, it would not be written at all, for if it is not written in love, my Lord has no part in it.


Although I had been raised as a Roman Catholic, at the age of 21, I was invited by a Protestant evangelical co-worker to attend one of her church services. Being a Pentecostal congregation, it was filled with lots of hype and emotion. This appealed to me very much at that particular time in my life so I decided to leave the Roman Catholic Church in order to worship God among the Protestants. One year later, I met a wonderful Protestant evangelical man who eventually became my husband.


When I was 23 years old, my husband and I attended a huge Protestant evangelical religious conference in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. At one point during the conference, a group of evangelical church leaders formed a panel and invited those in attendance to ask them any questions that they had.


I happened to be studying the Book of Revelation at that time, and it was filled with symbolism and visions that I simply did not understand. Innocently, I raised my hand, was acknowledged by the panel, and proceeded to ask my question. "Who," I asked, "is the Great Harlot in the Book of Revelation?"

The group of men conferred with one another for a few moments, whispering and nodding their heads in agreement. Eventually, the spokesman for the panel stood up, leaned into the microphone, and gave his answer before hundreds of people in that room: "Although there are differences in opinion among some regarding this issue, most biblical scholars believe that the Great Harlot mentioned in the Book of Revelation is the hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church."

I can still remember the reaction of the large audience that day. The people all seemed to gasp in one accord. After that, the room became so quiet that you could hear a pin drop, as hundreds of people reflected on the grave words just proclaimed.


For many years after that, I was exposed again and again to teachings which declared that Catholics were not in Christ and in fact, belonged to the Antichrist. Catholics needed to be ‘saved.’ They were on their way to Hell.


After many years went by, I found myself thinking often of my memories growing up as a Catholic and attending Catholic school. What started out as mere nostalgia soon developed into a burning desire to return to the Catholic Church. Because I had been so brainwashed by the Protestant evangelical churches where the Catholic Church was concerned, I resisted and refused to go back, and this vicious, inner struggle lasted for many, many years.


One night, I had a dream. I was standing in the middle of a wilderness in complete darkness. I had no idea where I was or what direction to take. A man came to me out of nowhere and said, "Take the road that leads to the Catholics. You must take the road which leads to the Catholics."

When I shared this dream with certain people, I was told that the dream came from the evil one, not from God. Why would God lead me back into ‘the very darkness from which I had been mercifully saved?’ A few more years went by. Eventually, however, I decided to return, for the burning within me continued to intensify, and I couldn’t stand it any longer. God wanted me to return to the Catholic Church, and I was determined to find out why.


I can still remember the first time I went to Mass after being away from a Catholic church for almost 20 years. I walked into the sanctuary, dipped my fingers into the holy water, made the sign of the cross, genuflected, and sat down in the pew. I was stiff as a board, wondering what my evangelical friends would think if they knew where I was that morning.


As soon as the Mass began, and I heard the old familiar songs and prayers, tears welled up in my eyes, and I found myself desperately trying to keep my emotions under control. I felt like I had come home. I felt a peace and joy that I had not felt in a long, long time. Most shocking of all, however, was the Presence of the Holy Spirit, which I felt all around me, a Presence which I had been taught did not exist in Catholic churches. I was home. I had ‘taken the road that led to the Catholics,’ and that road led me home.

Eventually, my husband joined me at Mass, felt the same Presence, peace, and joy, and decided to become a Catholic as well.


Since returning to the Roman Catholic Church, I have come to learn that much of what I had been taught by the Protestant evangelical church leaders concerning Catholics is erroneous.


My purpose in writing this ‘letter’, dear brother, is not to discuss the doctrinal differences that exist between Catholics and Protestants. Men have been arguing over these doctrinal differences for hundreds of years, and nothing I could write in this brief letter to you will ever put a stop to it. These differences, unfortunately, are something that only Christ Jesus our Lord will be able to resolve in the glorious day of His return.


My purpose in writing is to set the record straight on what I am convinced is the most important issue of all that stands not only between Catholics and Protestants, but between Protestants and God.  And I pray in Jesus’ Name that your heart will be open to this gentle rebuke.

In Saint Paul’s letter to the Philippian churches, he wrote to them as follows: "...not having a righteousness of my own, based on law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith..." {Php. 3:9].

This passage of Scripture, by the way, comes directly from my Catholic Bible, a Bible which you proclaim is ‘not of God.’


Catholics do not trust in their own righteousness, as we are often accused of doing. We, too, have placed our faith in the Lord Jesus Christ. We, too, believe that our righteousness comes from God. We also believe that this righteousness is dependent upon faith, a faith that must manifest itself in obedience to the Word of God if it is to be deemed valid in the sight of God.


Are there hypocrites who sit in Catholic churches, men and women who believe that all God desires is church attendance and nothing more? Unfortunately, we have them, and so do you.

Are there doctrinal differences which exist between Catholic Christians and Protestant Christians? Yes. But when it comes to the most important doctrines, we are completely unified. We, too, believe that Jesus is the Son of God Who suffered, died, was buried, and rose on the third day. We, too, believe that Jesus is seated at the right hand of God the Father, and that He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead. Like you, we, too, believe that His Kingdom will have no end.


What I say to you, my Protestant brother, I say to you in love. For almost 20 years, I was taught that Catholics belonged to the Antichrist, and I believed it because I was ignorant of both the Scriptures and the Catechism of the Roman Catholic Church.


Do you know what you are saying, beloved, when you call your Catholic brother ‘antichrist?’ Do you know what this word means? The word ‘antichrist’ comes from the Greek word anticristos, which means against Christ. Those who are antichrist are opposed to Christ and are against Him.


If you would attend a Mass, you would see that it is completely centered around the Lord Jesus Christ. We do not worship a foreign god. Yet, you say that we oppose Christ. We cling to the same Gospel that you do, trusting in it just as much for our salvation as you do yours. Yet, you say that we are against our Beloved. When you call us antichrist, this is what you proclaim.


As one who is in the Lord Jesus Christ, I am convinced that God the Father accepts all who come to Him through faith in Jesus Christ and who worship Him in Spirit and in truth. When He looks upon His sons and daughters, He sees Christ, not Baptists, Pentecostals, Lutherans, Methodists, or any other denomination. Denominations have their origin in man, my brother, not God’s Spirit, which calls for complete unity in His Church.


Have you forgotten the words which Christ Jesus our Lord prayed to the Father before He went to the cross to suffer for our sins? "Holy Father," He prayed, "protect those Whom You have given to me by the power of your Name, the Name you gave Me - so that they may be one as We are one." [Jn 17:11].

Christ cried for unity, my brother, a unity which will never be as long as you insist on proclaiming that we belong to the Antichrist and you belong to Christ.


Who are you to judge Christ’s servants? Who are you to say this one is in Christ, and this one is not?


Have you forgotten Christ’s warning to those who accused him of being of another Spirit? People were being healed by the power of the Most High. The blind were receiving their sight, the deaf were able to hear, cripples were walking, lepers were being cleansed, and even the dead were being raised. And yet, when the Pharisees saw these things, they accused our Lord of receiving his power from Satan.


The Son of God was accused of being of another spirit, because He did not approach God and faith in the same manner that the Pharisees did. What did Jesus say to them? "Anyone who speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven, but anyone who blasphemes against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven." [Lk 12:10].

Be careful, my brother, when you say that a Catholic belongs to the antichrist, for I believe that you are treading upon very dangerous ground. What you say about us, you say about the Spirit Who dwells in us. If we are of another spirit, then you are saying the same of Christ, who dwells in us, whether you want to accept this truth or not. When you proclaim these things, you repeat the folly of the Pharisees in Jesus’ day, who accused Him also of belonging to another spirit.


Jesus said to Simon Peter, "Do not call anything unclean which God has made clean." Yet, you refuse to see us as ‘clean.’


When you cast judgments upon another group of Christians because they do not believe exactly as you do, it is you yourself who stand in danger of being judged. When you can look at one who has been clothed in the righteousness of Christ, condemn him, and call him ‘unclean’ because he does not worship in the same way as you, it is you who are in danger of being condemned.


Doctrinal differences have existed from the very beginning, and unfortunately, they are here to stay until the return of our Lord Jesus Christ. At that time, it is Christ who will straighten out that which is wrong and that which is right. He is the Judge; not man.


But when one group of Christians can point to another group of Christians and say, "They belong to the Antichrist," a very dangerous line has been crossed.


Long ago, the Apostle Paul wrote a letter to the Corinthian churches in which he stated the following: "No one can say,’ Jesus is Lord,’ except by the Holy Spirit." [1 Co 12:3]. If Catholics were antichrist, as you believe them to be, they would not be able to proclaim the Lordship of Jesus Christ, for it is only by His Spirit that men can come to believe.


Over 2,000 years ago, Jesus was sitting with His disciples. One of His disciples, John, said to Him, "Teacher, we saw a man driving out demons in Your Name, and we told him to stop, because he was not one of us."   He was not one of us.   He doesn’t travel in our circles, say the same prayers that we pray, sing the same songs that we sing, or do the same things that we do.  Therefore, he is not one of us.   What was Jesus’ response?   Jesus turned to His servant, who gently needed to be corrected in his attitude and tendency toward exclusion, and uttered the following words: "Whoever is not against Me is for Me." [Mk 9:40]. 

1.1 billion people in the world who identify themselves as Catholics believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of the living God and that apart from Him there is no salvation. Yet, you have said of them, "They are not one of us; they are against Christ. They are of another spirit."


I caution you in love, my Protestant brother, to take heed of Christ’s warning to the Pharisees who accused Him also of being of another Spirit, a spirit that was against and opposed to God. His warning to them is meant for all of us, a warning that bears repeating again and again, because the message does not appear to be getting through.


Anyone who speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven, but anyone who blasphemes against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven. When you say that the Spirit in a Catholic is the spirit of Antichrist, are you not in danger of committing this blasphemy?


Take heed, my brother. Be careful of calling ‘unclean’ that which Christ has made clean. Be careful of calling those who are in Christ ‘antichrist’ simply because they do not agree 100% with the things that you believe.


I implore you, in fear of the Most High God, to hold your tongue, defer all judgment, and place it into the hands of the Lord Jesus Christ, where it rightfully and truly belongs.


I am of Christ, and He is of God. What you say about me because I am Catholic, you have said about Him and His Spirit, for that Spirit dwells in me...


... and I in Him.

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Then sings my soul

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Christians must not fear being branded intolerant, says Pope

The Pope has urged a group of his former students to stick to the principles of their faith and be led by truth.

David Kerr  

Italy
September 6, 2012

Pope Benedict XVI told a group of his former students that Christians should not be scared to uphold ethical truths despite the fear of being branded “intolerant.”
“Today, the concepts of truth and intolerance have almost fused together, so that to say that one has the truth becomes synonymous with intolerance. And we Christians do not dare to believe or to speak about the truth,” the Pope said in his homily during Sunday morning Mass at Castel Gandolfo.
The Sept. 2 liturgy at the papal summer residence marked the conclusion of this year’s Ratzinger Schülerkreis or Ratzinger Student Circle. Since 1977 the annual event has drawn together those who defended their doctoral theses with the present Pope during his years teaching theology at various universities in Germany.
According the Vatican Radio, Pope Benedict’s homily was based on an analysis of a passage in the Book of Deuteronomy that recalled how Israel received God’s law, which brought it authentic wisdom. The Pope said this wisdom was a gift to take joy in, rather than the result of some individual genius.
Similarly, he said, the Church is a “universal Israel” that must also take joy in God’s gift of Christ, the Law made flesh, without any sense of triumphalism but with gratitude for a gift we did not create. We must learn “to allow ourselves to be led by the truth,” he said, “then the truth will be able to shine through us anew, for the salvation of the world.”
Last year, for the first time ever, the Schülerkreis also included those who have written their doctrinal theses on texts by Joseph Ratzinger, now known as Pope Benedict XVI. With the addition of those students, the number of those participating in the three days of closed-door seminars increased to approximately 40.

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I am scared

Dear Brothers and Sisters in Christ,

         Firstly I'd like to apologize that I have been busy with studies and tight community schedule. This is the reason I was not able to update the Blog. I am willing but the spirit is so weak, I remember Jesus told Peter once.

          Thanks a lot for reading this Blog even though the author is not qualified in academics or other fields. But I am confident that I want to serve the Lord. In fact he is the Savior of the world. 

         A professor in the school said, "if you want to become a catholic priest, you need to love insecurity. I raised my hand to ask him why. He gave me the answer that "when Christ commissioned his disciples, he said not to take extra garments, shoes, purse or walking stick." He continued, "when you are a missionary you need to leave the place you love to stay in order to preach the Good News where it has not been heard. If you can't detach you would not become an effective missionary in the land you nothing about." Would you Join us?

         This Detachment may mean anything or everything we are attached to, even our habits, attitudes and of course materials we use. Personally, I'd like to love this kind of life. Can you search this kind of life in other religions or other denominations. We stay alone in order to please God with our sanctity of life but we are not alone, there is Jesus in us. A serene life is found only in Christ, he even instructed us to love enemies. Would you like to find like this teaching elsewhere? No way. 

         Vengeance is a widely used tool these days. Jealousy is a popular feeling among us. Wise men have said, Envy Kills. Being a catholic christian is not easy. It is like taking a bike. Once you started you need to continue to turn the paddle. If you stop paddling you would injure yourself and you might hurt others as well while they are traveling along with you. Life long journey, we may turn away from the Lord, like the Israelite in their exodus journey. 

                 I pray that you may have a nice exodus from your old-self to your God-promised-New-Self loving the Lord and serving with your Whole heart. God bless you.

             Ohlay

        

      

      

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